Scientific integrity is the cornerstone of scientific and technological innovation. In recent years, China's scientific research integrity construction has achieved remarkable results in the work mechanism, system norms, education guidance, supervision and punishment, but there are still shortcomings and weak links on the whole, and behaviors that violate the requirements of scientific research integrity occur from time to time. In order to fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Party, cultivate and practice socialist core values, carry forward the scientific spirit, advocate the culture of innovation, and accelerate the construction of an innovation-oriented country, the following opinions are put forward on further strengthening the construction of scientific research integrity and creating a good environment for honest and trustworthy scientific research.

I. General requirements

 (1) Guiding Ideology.  Punish both, adhere to both self-discipline and supervision, adhere to no restricted areas, full coverage, and zero tolerance, seriously investigate and punish behaviors that violate the requirements of scientific research integrity, and strive to create a new pattern of scientific research integrity construction, and create a good atmosphere of honesty and trustworthiness, pursuit of truth, innovation, encouragement of exploration, and courage to reach new heights, so as to lay a solid social and cultural foundation for building a world power in science and technology.

. Basic Principles

 -- Clear responsibilities and coordinate them in an orderly manner. Strengthen top-level design, overall planning and coordination, clarify the responsibilities of each subject in the construction of scientific research integrity, strengthen departmental communication, coordination and linkage, and form a joint force for the whole society to promote the construction of scientific research integrity.

 -- Systematic progress and major breakthroughs. Establish a scientific research integrity system that conforms to the laws of scientific research and meets the requirements of building a world scientific and technological power. Adhere to the problem-oriented, focus on achieving breakthroughs in practice, investigation and treatment, and achieve results in improving the awareness of integrity and optimizing the scientific research environment.

 -- encourage innovation and tolerate failure. Fully respect the characteristics of instantaneous inspiration, diversity of methods, and uncertainty of paths in scientific research, attach importance to the value of trial and error exploration in scientific research, establish a fault tolerance and error correction mechanism that encourages innovation and tolerates failure, and form a scientific research atmosphere that dares to lead and explore.

 -- stick to the bottom line and hold yourself accountable for life. Comprehensively adopt educational guidance, contract agreement, social supervision and other ways to create an institutional environment and social atmosphere of adhering to the bottom line and strict self-discipline, so that those who keep promises will have a green light all the way, and those who break promises will be restricted everywhere. We will uphold zero tolerance, strengthen accountability, and hold those who seriously violate the requirements of scientific research integrity accountable for life in accordance with laws and regulations.

 3. Main objectives. With the joint efforts of all parties, the scientific, standardized, effective incentive, and powerful punishment of scientific research integrity system and rules are sound and complete; the scientific research integrity work mechanism with clear responsibilities, orderly coordination, and adequate supervision is effectively in operation; the scientific research integrity information system with comprehensive coverage, shared linkage, and dynamic management has been established and improved, and the majority of scientific researchers have significantly enhanced their awareness of integrity, carried forward the scientific spirit, and scrupulously adhered to the integrity Standardization has become the common idea and conscious action of the science and technology community, the integrity foundation and innovation ecology of the whole society continue to consolidate and develop, laying a solid foundation for building an innovative country and a strong world science and technology. The General Office of the CPC Central Committee and The General Office of the State Council issued "Several Opinions on Further Strengthening the construction of scientific research Integrity", laying a solid foundation for building China into a prosperous, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modernization Strong countries provide important support.

Second, improve the scientific research integrity management mechanism and responsibility system

 (4) Establish and improve a scientific research integrity management system with clear responsibilities and efficient coordination. The Ministry of Science and Technology and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences are responsible for the overall coordination and macro-guidance of scientific research integrity in the fields of natural sciences and philosophy and social sciences respectively. Local governments at all levels and competent departments of relevant industries should actively take measures to strengthen the construction of scientific research integrity in their own regions and systems, enrich work forces, and strengthen work security. The management department of science and technology plan should strengthen the management of scientific research integrity of science and technology plan, establish and improve the supervision mechanism of science and technology plan based on integrity, and integrate the requirements of scientific research integrity into the whole process of science and technology plan management. Education, health, press and publication departments should clearly require education, medical, academic journal publishing and other units to improve the internal control system and strengthen the construction of scientific research integrity. The Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Engineering and the China Association for Science and Technology should strengthen the requirements and supervision and management of academicians' scientific research integrity, and strengthen the integrity review of academician recommendation (nomination).

 All kinds of institutions engaged in scientific research activities and participating in science and technology management services shall earnestly fulfill the main responsibility of building scientific research integrity. All kinds of enterprises, institutions and social organizations engaged in scientific research activities are the first responsible subjects for the construction of scientific research integrity, and specific arrangements should be made to strengthen the construction of scientific research integrity, and the work of scientific research integrity should be included in the regular management. Through the company's articles of association, employee code of conduct, job description and other internal rules and regulations and employment contracts, the company's employees to comply with the scientific research integrity requirements and accountability to make clear provisions or agreements.

 Scientific research institutions and institutions of higher learning shall clearly stipulate the tasks, responsibilities and powers of the academic committees on scientific research integrity through their articles of association or the statutes of the academic committees, and provide necessary guarantees in terms of working funds, administrative offices and full-time personnel. The academic committee shall earnestly perform its duties in the construction of scientific research integrity, effectively play the role of deliberation, evaluation, acceptance, investigation, supervision and consultation, and discover and investigate and punish all acts that violate the requirements of scientific research integrity. The academic committee shall organize or entrust grass-roots academic organizations and third-party institutions to carry out full coverage verification of the important academic papers and other scientific research results of the research personnel of the unit, and the verification work shall be carried out continuously in a period of 3-5 years. Professional institutions of project management of science and technology programs (special projects, funds, etc.) shall strictly comply with the requirements of scientific research integrity, strengthen the whole process of science and technology programs such as project review, project management, acceptance evaluation, and research integrity management of various subjects of science and technology programs such as project undertaking units and review experts, and seriously investigate and punish behaviors that violate the requirements of scientific research integrity. Science and technology intermediary service institutions engaged in science and technology evaluation, science and technology consultation, science and technology achievements transformation, science and technology enterprise incubation and research fund audit, etc., shall strictly abide by industry norms, strengthen integrity management, and consciously accept supervision.

 Social organizations such as societies, associations and research studies should exert their function of self-discipline and self-purification. Society, association, research society and other social organizations should take the initiative to play a role, and actively carry out work in their respective fields such as the formulation of norms of conduct for scientific research activities, integrity education and guidance, integrity case investigation and identification, and scientific research integrity theory research, so as to achieve self-regulation, self-management, and self-purification.

 All types of personnel engaged in scientific research activities and participating in scientific and technological management services should adhere to the bottom line and exercise strict self-discipline. Scientific researchers shall abide by the code of scientific ethics, observe the norms governing scientific research activities, practice the requirements of scientific integrity, and shall not plagiarize or plagiarize the scientific research results of others, or falsify or tamper with research data or conclusions; Do not buy, write or submit papers on behalf of others, fabricate peer review experts and review opinions; It is not allowed to violate the code of attribution of papers, arbitrarily mark or falsely mark to obtain funding from science and technology programs (special projects, funds, etc.); Shall not resort to fraud to defraud science and technology plans (special projects, funds, etc.), scientific research funds, awards, honors, etc.; No other acts contrary to the requirements of scientific research integrity.

 project leaders and graduate supervisors should give full play to their role of teaching by example, strengthen the management of scientific research integrity of project members and students, conduct integrity review and academic checks on the signature of important papers and other scientific research results, the authenticity of research data, and the repeatability of experiments. Academicians and other outstanding senior experts should play an exemplary role in the construction of scientific research integrity, and be a model and example of observing scientific research ethics.

 Review experts, consulting experts, evaluators and fund auditors should be loyal to their duties, strictly abide by the requirements of scientific research integrity and professional ethics, work independently, objectively and impartially in accordance with relevant regulations, procedures and methods, seek truth from facts, and provide responsible and high-quality consultation and review opinions for science and technology management decisions. Science and technology managers should correctly perform their duties of management, guidance and supervision, and fully implement the requirements of scientific research integrity.

Third, strengthen the integrity management of the whole process of scientific research activities

 (8) Strengthen management of the integrity of scientific research throughout the whole process of science and technology planning. The science and technology plan management department shall revise and improve the management system of science and technology plan projects at all levels and various types, and implement the requirements of scientific research integrity construction into the whole process of science and technology plan management, such as project guide, project initiation and review, process management, final acceptance, supervision and evaluation. It is necessary to stipulate the scientific research integrity obligations and liability investigation clauses in various scientific research contracts (task books, agreements, etc.), and strengthen the management of scientific research integrity contracts. We will improve the supervision and inspection mechanism for science and technology programs, and strengthen regular inspections of the integrity and performance of scientific research by relevant responsible subjects.

 9. Comprehensively implementing the scientific research integrity commitment system. Relevant industry authorities and project management professional institutions should implement the scientific research integrity commitment system in science and technology program projects, innovation bases, academician co-selection, science and technology awards, major talent projects and other work, requiring relevant personnel engaged in recommendation (nomination), declaration, review, evaluation, etc., to sign the scientific research integrity commitment letter, which clearly indicates the commitments and the handling requirements for breaking promises.

 We will strengthen the review of the integrity of scientific research. Science and technology plan management departments and project management professional institutions shall conduct research integrity audit on science and technology plan project applicants, and take good research integrity status as a prerequisite for participating in various science and technology plans. Those responsible for seriously violating the requirements of scientific research integrity shall be subject to "one-vote veto". Relevant industry authorities should take research integrity audit as a necessary procedure for academician co-selection, science and technology awards, title evaluation, degree awarding and other work.

 11. Establishing and improving the management system for academic papers and other scientific research achievements. Science and technology plan management departments and specialized project management institutions should strengthen the evaluation of the quality, benefit and influence of science and technology plan achievements. Enterprises, institutions and social organizations engaged in scientific research activities should strengthen the management of scientific research results, establish a system of honesty and commitment for the publication of academic papers, a system of traceability in the scientific research process, and a system of inspection and reporting of scientific research results. If an academic paper or other scientific research results violate the requirements of scientific research integrity, the relevant responsible person shall be seriously dealt with and required to take measures such as withdrawing the paper to eliminate the adverse effects.

 12. Deepen reform of the system for evaluating scientific research. We will promote the reform of project review, talent evaluation, and institutional evaluation, establish a classification evaluation system based on the quality, contribution, and performance of scientific and technological innovation, take the integrity of scientific research as an important indicator of all kinds of evaluation, and advocate rigorous research, rather than eager for quick success. Adhere to the classification evaluation, highlight the character, ability, performance orientation, pay attention to the quality of landmark achievements, contributions, impact, the implementation of representative evaluation system, does not take papers, patents, honorary titles, projects, awards and other conditions as restrictive conditions, to prevent simple quantification, quantity over quality, "one-size-fits-all" and other tendencies. We will respect the laws of scientific research, set a reasonable evaluation cycle, and establish a long-term evaluation mechanism for major scientific research. We will carry out pilot reforms on the evaluation of clinical medical researchers, and establish an evaluation and evaluation system for clinical medical researchers with reasonable Settings, scientific evaluation, standardized management, coordinated operation, and comprehensive services.

Fourth, further promote the institutionalization of scientific research integrity

 13. Improving the credit management system for scientific research. The Ministry of Science and Technology and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences should work together with relevant units to strengthen the construction of the scientific research integrity system, and improve the management system of education and publicity, investigation and handling of integrity cases, information collection, and classified evaluation. Enterprises, institutions and social organizations engaged in scientific research should establish and improve their own systems for education and prevention, records of scientific research activities and preservation of scientific research files, clarify the main body of responsibility, and improve internal supervision and restraint mechanisms.

 (14) Improve the rules for investigating and handling violations of scientific research integrity. The Ministry of Science and Technology and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences shall, together with the Ministry of Education, the National Health Commission, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the China Association for Science and Technology and other departments and units, formulate unified rules for investigation and handling in accordance with law and regulations, and make clear provisions on the acceptance of reports, investigation procedures, division of responsibilities, handling standards, complaints, real-name whistleblowers and the protection of whistleblowers. Enterprises, institutions and social organizations engaged in scientific research shall formulate their own measures for investigation and handling, and clarify specific requirements such as investigation procedures, handling rules and handling measures.

 (15) Establish and improve the management and early warning system of academic journals. Press and publishing departments should improve the journal management system, take effective measures to strengthen the construction of high-level academic journals, strengthen the priority requirements of academic level and social benefits, enhance the influence of Chinese academic journals, and improve the international discourse power of academic journals. Academic journals should give full play to their role in the construction of scientific research integrity, effectively improve the quality of review, and strengthen the examination and control of academic papers.

 The Ministry of Science and Technology will establish an early-warning mechanism for academic journals, support relevant institutions in releasing early-warning lists of domestic and international academic journals, and implement dynamic tracking and timely adjustment. Academic journals that cause adverse effects by ignoring academic quality, chaotic management, and putting commercial interests first will be blacklisted. The unit to which the author belongs shall strengthen the management of the papers published by its own scientific researchers, and promptly warn and remind the scientific researchers who publish papers in the academic journals listed in the warning list; Papers published in blacklisted academic journals shall not be recognized in all kinds of review and evaluation, and shall not be reimbursed for the costs related to the publication of papers.

5. Strengthen the education and publicity of scientific research integrity

 16. Strengthen education on integrity in scientific research. Enterprises, institutions and social organizations engaged in scientific research should incorporate research integrity into their daily management, strengthen research integrity education for researchers, teachers and young students, and carry out research integrity education at important points such as enrollment, promotion of professional titles, and participation in science and technology projects. For those who have tendencies and emerging problems in scientific research integrity, their units should promptly carry out talks to encourage scientific research integrity and strengthen education. Science and technology plan management departments, professional institutions of project management and project undertaking units shall, in light of the characteristics of the organization and implementation of science and technology plans, effectively carry out scientific research integrity education for researchers who undertake or participate in science and technology plan projects.

 17. Give full play to the role of societies, associations, research associations and other social organizations in education and training. Society, association, research society and other social organizations should take the initiative to strengthen the education and training of scientific research integrity, help scientific researchers to be familiar with and master the specific requirements of scientific research integrity, guide scientific researchers to consciously resist fraud, fraud and plagiarism, and carry out responsible scientific research.

 We will strengthen publicity for integrity in scientific research. Innovate means, broaden channels, make full use of traditional media such as radio and television, newspapers and magazines, and new media such as Weibo, wechat, and mobile phone clients to strengthen publicity and education on scientific research integrity. Vigorously publicize the exemplary role model of scientific research integrity and give play to the exemplary role of typical figures. Timely expose typical cases that violate the requirements of scientific research integrity, and carry out warning education.

6. Seriously investigate and punish behaviors that seriously violate the requirements of scientific research integrity

 (19) Effectively fulfilling the responsibility for investigation and handling. The Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for the supervision of fraud in natural science papers, and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences is responsible for the supervision of fraud in philosophy and social science papers. The Ministry of Science and Technology and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences should make clear that relevant institutions are responsible for the work of scientific research integrity, do a good job of accepting reports, verifying facts, daily supervision and other work, establish an inter-departmental joint investigation mechanism, and organize joint investigations on major cases of scientific research integrity. The unit where the perpetrator violates the requirements of scientific research integrity is the first responsible body for investigation and handling, and should clarify the division of investigation and handling responsibilities of the scientific research integrity institution and supervision and audit institution of the unit, and actively and fairly carry out investigation and handling. Relevant industry authorities should strengthen guidance and timely supervision in accordance with their responsibilities, powers and affiliations, adhere to the two lines of academic and administrative, and pay attention to the role of social organizations such as societies, associations, and research institutes. To engage in the buying and selling of academic papers, writing and investing on behalf of others, as well as forgery, fiction and usurpation